Since the days of the French Revolution, the revolutionaries sought to replace with the Christian holidays or celebrations. Jacobin calendar celebrating Solon, Gaius Gracchus, and in any case, the heroes of history greek-roman or working tools like the watering can. One of the most successful attempts is the celebration of 8 March. Regarding its origins are handed down from year to year of the real legends. But this is a mythology induced a mixture of true facts and less true reconstructed with imagination in the Cold War.
Officially, it is said that the socialist leader Clara Zetkin, the proposal was launched during the congress in Copenhagen in 1910, to commemorate the workers died in the fire of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York. It is now clear that the events unfolded differently. This tragedy has actually happened (and it was huge), but he also victims among men plus in 1911, more than a year after the supposed "proclamation".
In meticulous historical reconstruction offered by the book "March 8. Stories, myths, rites of International Women's Day" by Marisa Tilde Capomazza and Shadow (ed. Utopia, Rome, 1991), we read a very different version. The date of 8 March was established in Moscow in 1921, during the "Second World Conference of Communist women." The conference decided to establish the date as "International Day Worker" in honor of the first manifestation of the workers of St. Petersburg against tsarism in 1905. The "Women's Day" was established in this way.
Feminism was established through the work of middle-class women, who before 1850 had already begun to agitate for the right to vote. When, at the turn of the twentieth century, was founded the International Socialist Party, his women were divided between those willing to ally themselves with the feminists' bourgeois ", and those that are considered too moderate or rather the middle class off-road, why not stick to the bottom of the family institution.
This division may account for the reconstruction of 8 March as an initiative to protest the terrible Fire in New York, which was much more effective if it remained hidden root Soviet Union. This version was indeed reported for the first time in Italy from the weekly "The Fight", published by the Bologna section of the Italian Communist Party. It was 1952, and that year the Union of Italian Women, the women of the CGIL, distributed to its members a host of tiny booklets, 4 cm x 6, attacking the clothing along with a mimosa (flower chosen, it tells one of the protagonists of this event, Marisa Rhone, daughter of the chief of the small Christian Left Party, an ally of the PCI, Franco Rhone, for a set of reasons ranging from its availability almost free, to submit to its symbolism of a flower on the same stem that has both sexes).
In the booklet there was a report of the fire in New York. Two years later, the weekly of the CGIL, "The work, completed the story with a photo montage that shows a stern man in fur coat and bowler by the name invented that makes its way among the masses of women also held back by police equipped with ferocious dogs. So the date of 8 March has spread in stages and downs, especially in Europe. In some countries has risen to prominence only in recent years.
In the U.S., where the women's events have always included a wide variety of women's associations, socialist women already held a " Women's Day" in 1907, but never became a popular event. It should be very little that you are trying to gain visibility in the U.S. to the 'International Women's Day. "
posted by Albino
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